Learning check
Once you have watched the video, check your learning with this quiz.
The DNA molecule is made of nucleotides
Nucleotides consist of a sugar rest (S) with phosphate (P) and a nucleobase. There are four nucleobases present in DNA: Cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T) and adenine (A).
The nucleotides present in DNA.
In DNA, A always base pairs with T, and C always base pairs with G (and vice versa).
The DNA molecule is packed around histone proteins. During mitosis (cell division), large X-like structures are formed: mitotic chromosomes.
The DNA molecule's two functions
First: DNA contains genetic information – "recipes" for proteins.
A gene codes for a protein.
Second: By replicating, the DNA carries the genetic information to the next generation.
The two functions of the DNA molecule are often called "the central dogma of molecular biology".
The central dogma of molecular biology summarized.
